【读书】《爱因斯坦谈人生》
说实话,先开始时我并没有十分被这本书所吸引,因为翻看前言使我有种错觉,认为自己已经过了对人生观进行启蒙的阶段了。我甚至想,这么一本内容老套的书,居然在豆瓣上的评分是九分。
不过等到开始正文的时候,我知道我错了,爱因斯坦的信件充满了智慧、隽永的格言式语言,有许多都是至今非常受用的。特别是在他对形形色色人等的回信中,可以发现他独特的人生观。
爱因斯坦评论艺术和科学的区别:
当这个世界不再能满足我们的愿望,当我们以自由人的身份对这个世界进行探索和观察的时候,我们就进入了艺术和科学的领域。如果用逻辑的语言来描绘所见所闻和身心感受,那么我们从事的就是科学。如果传达给我们的印象所假借的方式不能为理智所接受,而只能为直觉所领悟,那么我们所从事的便是艺术。这两者有一个共同之处,那就是于超越个人利害关系和意志的事物的热爱和奉献精神。
爱因斯坦评论政治:
政治如同钟摆,一刻不停地在无政府状态和暴政状态之间来回摆动。其原动力则是人们长期的,不断重现的幻想。
评论为什么大众对科普读物逐渐兴趣锐减:
大多数据说是为大众创作的科普作品似乎只知道一味耸人听闻,……,这种笔调只能使一个有头脑的人感到厌恶。(正如最近与友人所谈论的,这一段非常适合用于现在某些科普电视节目,为了搞出庸俗的趣味来吸引大众,科学简直变成了装神弄鬼。)
应对纳粹的种族自夸之辞:
不要以为多少世纪来在你们的国土上诞生过一些伟人就自鸣得意,那不是你们的功劳。还是思考一下,你们是如何对待他们的,你们是怎样遵循他们的教导的吧。(爱因斯坦出生于德国,却因犹太种族身份遭纳粹迫害四处流亡,这是理解这封信值得注意的)
应对苏联国家科学院指责他的相对论走进了“唯心主义的泥潭”:
当全能的上帝制定自然界永恒法则时,有这样的一个疑惑使他忧心忡忡,即使到了后来他也无法打消这个疑虑:如果将来唯物辩证法的权威宣布上帝的某些甚至全部法规均为非法,那么局面将是多么尴尬啊。 后来,他在创造唯物辩证法的先人和先知时,一个大同小异的疑虑又钻进了他的灵魂,但他很快就恢复了平静,因为他发现自己绝对有把握认为,这些唯物辩证法的权威是永远不会相信唯物辩证法的信条是和理智和真理背道而驰的。(理解这封信需要注意的是,爱因斯坦绝对不是一个信仰人格化上帝的有神论者,他的全部目的,在于讽刺,对那种视自己为真理判决者的人的狠狠讽刺,请细细品味)
应一位出版家的要求,为一他刚兴建的图书馆写的用来埋藏在地下留给后人看的具有“考古”价值的纪念品:
亲爱的子孙后代:如果你们还没有变的比我们现在更为正义,更为爱好和平、更为理智的话,那么就请你们见鬼去吧!
(他的幽默和批判风格在这次事件之中一显无遗)
针对哲学无用论,爱因斯坦的评价:
哲学是其他一切学科的母亲,她生育并抚养了其它学科。因此人们不应该因为哲学的赤身露体和贫困而对她进行嘲弄,而是应该希望她那种唐吉诃德式的理想会有一部分遗传给她的子孙,这样他们就不至于流于庸俗了。
(爱因斯坦13岁读康德著作,他的小时候并不像许多故事中所夸张的那样“弱智”)
最后,说实话,这本书的确不能给我这样一个已经有比较确定的人生观的人有多大的改变。但是正如李敖所说,一本书,即便是有几段话能吸引你,那也足够了!
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